Greetings from School IPM 2015!
Every day, 49 million children attend school in the United States,
served by nearly seven million teachers and staff. But they're not
alone. Schools are also frequented by a number of pests including
cockroaches, mice, dust mites and more. Asthma is epidemic among
children, impacting nearly 6% of school children nationally with rates
as high as 25% in urban centers. Cockroaches are potent asthma
triggers.Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a prevention-based, highly effective approach proven to reduce pest complaints and pesticide use by up to 90% in schools and other public buildings. IPM practices such as sanitation and exclusion also improve food safety, fire safety and energy conservation. Our newsletter highlights real-life examples of IPM in practice and can help you start an IPM program in your school district. For more information, visit www.schoolipm2015.com.
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Stinging Insects Are Getting Busy!
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It is that time of the
year again, when stinging insects are on the move! In late summer
stinging insects, such as wasps and bees, hit their peak activity levels
and their main focus is foraging for food. Nests and hives contain as
many as 50,000 insects, all at work bringing food to the drones and
queens. Honey bee colonies live in hives which contain living chambers
and honeycombs. Yellowjackets, wasps and bumblebees live in nests. Hives
and nests can contain as many as 50,000 insects, all at work bringing
food to the drones and queens!
These insects have one
goal: to feed and protect the queen as she lays an unrelenting series of
eggs in preparation for the approaching colder months. Unlike honey
bees, whose stingers will become detached, wasps, hornets and
yellowjackets can attack their victim countless times with a stinger
that stays intact after each sting.
The prevalence of these
stinging insects on schools grounds is cause for concern, especially
because school kicks into high gear around the same time these insects
become their most active. This concern motivated a study conducted in
2001 by the New York State Integrated Pest Management Program, led by Lynn Braband, Carolyn Klass, Joyce Rodler and Jody Gangloff-Kaufmann.
The NYS IPM study
focused on creating a proactive stinging insect management program
tailored for schools and similar settings, and included techniques and
learning tools that encourage the use of non-toxic stinging insect
management.
One objective was to demonstrate to school
officials and staff that stinging insects can be managed with IPM. Dr.
Jody Ganlgoff-Kaufmann, a community IPM coordinator for New York State
Integrated Pest Management Program at Cornell University points out that
schools included in the study were receptive to using IPM, and were
looking for effective alternatives to pesticides. This includes
early-season scouting and nest removal, exclusion and discouragement
techniques, such as ensuring trash cans are covered and areas are kept
clean. These methods can be used by unlicensed facility staff for
prevention and avoidance of pesticide use.
"One of the
biggest challenges to IPM projects in buildings is the eventual turnover
of people," stated Dr. Gangloff-Kaufmann. IPM efforts can remain
effective as long as there are continual efforts to train new staff. To
learn more read the full report, click here.
Here are some helpful tips to help avoid stinging insects!
Inspect your home and lawn for nests.
Become familiar with what the different nests look like. Some nests can
be removed safely with little preparation or safety gear, and others
require professional help. Don't take action yourself unless you are
completely sure you can do the job safely.
Take extra precautions when dining outdoors.
Keep food and drinks covered, especially if they are high in sugar. Be
particularly careful when drinking from a can, or with a straw, which
can hide stinging insects from view.
Avoid brightly colored clothing and perfume. These attract stinging insects, so if you are planning on spending time outside, wear darker colors and skip the perfume.
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| 'Tis the Season for Mice in Schools |
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After humans, house mice are said to be the most successful mammal in the world, according to Integrated Pest Management of the House Mouse in Schools
a fact sheet written by Tim Stock, Integrated Plant Protection Center,
Oregon State University; Robert Corrigan, RMC Pest Management
Consulting; and Dawn Gouge, University of Arizona. Schools are the
perfect place for house mice to take refuge; they are warm, easily
accessible, and there is plenty of food. Keys to the success of mice
include their ability to move along wires, run up vertical walls,
survive an 8-foot fall and squeeze through extremely small openings.
Dr. Corrigan, a New York
consultant specializing in rodent problems, says that "house mice are
the number one urban pest in the majority of schools across the USA, and
are among the top three pests for all urban buildings in general." A
primary focus of Dr. Corrigan's work is the use of monitoring and
tracking baits within a comprehensive IPM program to better control
pests, specifically rodents. He advocates the use of non-toxic baits to
monitor the channels that rodents use throughout a building in order to
effectively combat them.
Non-toxic baits are
placed in tamper-resistant bait containers and checked regularly for any
sign of feeding. If feeding is detected, a closer inspection is
necessary in order to identify rodent conducive conditions, such as
sanitation and exclusion issues. Tracking baits will change the color of
the rodent's droppings and is one way to check if the rodent is
consuming the bait. Non-toxic fluorescent powder can also be used in
tamper resistant bait containers to aid with tracking. When the rodent
enters the container powdered fiber balls will coat the rodent's fur
making their movements easier to track using a fluorescent light.
Preventing these pests
from entering buildings is crucial to reducing potential allergens and
rodent-borne diseases. By sealing all gaps and mouse-proofing, a school
can effectively manage mice and other pests. Mice tend to enter
buildings as temperatures decrease from mid-October to November in
temperate climates. "Once their food supply of seeds, insects and other
items decline with the autumn months, mice begin dispersing from
building exteriors to interiors seeking food and warmth," says Dr.
Corrigan.
As always, taking
preventive measures to control mice infestation is the best management
strategy. By taking small steps, such as ensuring the building is sealed
and food is stored properly mice will have to work that much harder to
make themselves at home. For more information check out Dr. Corrigan’s Ten Golden Ru les for School Rodent IPM!
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Check Your Facts!
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The California Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR)
has a number of informative fact sheets for mice, rats, Argentine ants,
cockroaches and bed bugs for school and childcare facilities. The fact
sheets include recommendations for staff (teachers, food service,
custodial/maintenance and grounds staff), a checklist for managing
infestations, and treatment options. Results from a 2013 survey
conducted by the National School IPM Working Group show the most popular
resource for school districts implementing an IPM program are fact
sheets (43.3%), followed by a school IPM manual for pest management
practices.
The snap trap, a
commonly used device, works well for both mice and rats when placed with
the trigger end against the wall. The best option is always prevention
through exclusion and sanitation. For more about house mice, check out
the above article: 'Tis the Season for Mice in Schools.
Identifying the ant
species is the first step to a successful management strategy. Argentine
ants are the most common ant in California, and their colonies are
found in most areas of the state. They obtain some protein from insects,
but tend to prefer honeydew, a sweet secretion produced by aphids,
mealy bugs and whiteflies. Ants come indoors during the summer and fall
when honeydew production declines. Even a few ants indoors are cause
for concern. These scouting ants report a new food source back to the
colony, and within hours there may be a steady stream of ants. Vacuum or
use soapy water to clean up trails.
Cockroaches look for
food, shelter and water in schools. Removing these will tremendously
limit the probability of an infestation. Use a flashlight and small
mirror to check behind cabinets and appliances and flush them out using a
hair dryer. A few cockroaches by an outside garbage area is tolerable,
but action should be taken if even a single cockroach is found in the
kitchen or common area, one female can produce up to a thousand
offspring!
Bed bugs are on the rise
and continue to infiltrate homes and schools. These blood-sucking
insects travel by attaching themselves to clothing, blankets or soft
toys. Bed bugs do not spread disease, but their bites cause swelling and
itching. If you think you have bed bugs, call a professional. Remember,
you do not have to throw anything away! You can usually clean bed
bug-infested items by vacuuming, washing with soapy water, and placing
the items in a hot dryer for 20 minutes.
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